Disciplina Discipline VCI5802

Células Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas (iPSC) e suas Aplicações na Medicina Veterinária
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and their applications in Veterinary Medicine

Esta disciplina tem como objetivo introduzir o histórico da origem e o conceito das células tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSC), de forma que os alunos possam compreender os mecanismos pelos quais são realizados a reprogramação celular, bem como suas prováveis aplicações terapêuticas na medicina veterinária. Para o uso efetivo e para a realização da diferenciação destas células é necessário a realização de alguns métodos para a validação experimental da pluripotência das iPSCs.

This discipline aims to introduce the history, origins and concept of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), so that students can understand the mechanisms by which cell reprogramming is performed, as well as their probable therapeutic applications in veterinary medicine. For the effective use and differentiation of these cells, it is necessary to perform some methods for the experimental validation of the pluripotency of iPSCs.

Em 2006, descobriu-se que as células somáticas podem ser reprogramadas a um estado de pluripotência semelhante às células-tronco embrionárias (TAKAHASHI; YAMANAKA, 2006), através da expressão de fatores de transcrição, tais como Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc, Nanog, Lin28, Nr5a2 e Rarg (TAKAHASHI; YAMANAKA, 2006; TAKAHASHI et al., 2007a; TAKAHASHI et al., 2007b; YU et al., 2009; BAYART; COHEN-HAGUENAUER, 2013; ZHOU; ZENG, 2013). Os produtos deste processo de reprogramação são referidos como células tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSC). As iPSCs possuem capacidade de auto renovação, bem como podem se diferenciar em vários tipos de células adultas, mostrando grande potencial do seu uso na área da medicina regenerativa (SINGH et al., 2015).

In 2006, it was found that somatic cells can be reprogrammed to a state of pluripotency similar to embryonic stem cells (TAKAHASHI; YAMANAKA, 2006), through the expression of transcription factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, cMyc, Nanog, Lin28, Nr5a2 and Rarg (TAKAHASHI; YAMANAKA, 2006; TAKAHASHI et al., 2007a; TAKAHASHI et al., 2007b; YU et al., 2009; BAYART, BAYART, 2010. COHEN-HAGUENAUER, 2013; Zhou; ZENG, 2013). The products of this reprogramming process are referred to as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). iPSCs have self-renewal capacity, as well as can differentiate in various types of adult cells, showing great potential for their use in the area of regenerative medicine (SINGH et al., 2015).

1. Origem histórica; 2. Mecanismos biológicos da reprogramação celular; 3. Validação experimental da pluripotência; 4. Obtenção de iPSC em espécies domésticas; 5. Aplicações terapêuticas na medicina veterinária.

1. Historical origin; 2. Biological mechanisms of cellular reprogramming; 3. Experimental validation of pluripotency; 4. Obtaining iPSC in domestic species; 5. Therapeutic applications in veterinary medicine.

A avaliação será baseada na presença dos alunos (mínimo 75%); assim como a participação na leitura e discussão de artigos científicos referentes ao tema (25%), cuja nota final (0-10), obtida pela média aritmética simples, determinará o conceito final (A,B,C,R), considerando os respectivos intervalos: 10-9 (A); 8-7 (B); 6-5 (C); 4-0 (R).

The evaluation will be based on the presence of students (minimum 75%); as well as participation in the reading and discussion of scientific articles on the subject (25%), whose final score (0-10), obtained by the simple arithmetic mean, will determine the final concept (A,B,C,R), considering the respective intervals: 10-9 (A); 8-7 (B); 6-5 (C); 4-0 (R).

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